Pump.



No. 721.810. PATENTED MAR. 3, 1903.

W. A. KERFOOT.

PUMP.

APLIOATI-ON FILED MAY 25, 1.901. l N0 MODEL.

nu Il I'i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A.KERFOOT, OF EVANSTON, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO KATHERINE KERFOOT, OF EVANSTON, ILLINOIS.

PUMP.

SPECIFICATIONformingpart of Letters Patent No. 721,810, dated March 3, 1903.

Application filed May 25. 1901. Serial No. 61.828. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern,.- intermission of the reciprocations of the pis- Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. KEREOOT, ton, at which time the pressure is higher in of Evanston, in the county of Cook and State the chamber c4 than in the chamber c5. This of Illinois,have invented certain new and useeffect is sufficient to arrest the motionof the 5 5 5 ful Improvements in Pumps; and I hereby decolumn of moving liquid, and thereby greatly clare that the following is a full, clear, and impair the eiciency of pumps inwhich a trapeXact description thereof,reference being had valve is not employed. to the accompanying drawings, which form In my invention the stored lenergy is dipart of this specification. rected immediately into the channel of the 6o Io My invent-ion relates to new and useful irnmoving liquid in a manner similar to the provements in pumps. v method involved in the operation of a steam- The object of my invention is to provide a injector, whereby a fluid may be forced pump wherein the motion of the fluid being againsta pressure equal to the pressure of the moved is not arrested nor impededl and motor fluid. The same effect is produced in 15 wherein the surplus work or the fois furled or my pump,to the end that while the liuid therelive energy which remains in the water within isin motion the stored energy due to the in the vein atthe conclusion of each stroke is compressed air in the-,air-chamber is prestored up in compressed air within the airvented from arresting the motion thereof and chamber and afterward directed into the following the piston back into the barrel of 7o zo fluid-vein in such a manner as to accelerate the pump by means of a trap-valve, which is the motion of the fluid then iiowing through interposed between the said chamber and the the pump, to the end that a steady constant said piston. The air and water under presstream of high velocity is discharged from sure within the air .and water chamber in my the pump. Y pump is directed immediately into the chanz 5 By reason of the peculiar construction and nel of and in a direction with the moving liqoperation of my pump the iiuid which passes uid in such a way as to accelerate the flow of through it is kept constantly in motion, althe said liquid. As a result the ow of water though the power expended forpthat purpose through the remaining channel or vein of the is in the nature of a series .of intermittent said pump is greater than the initial displace- 8o 3o impulses. This result is produced by the opment of the piston. The reason for this is oberation of a trap-valve which separates the vious. Acertain amount of power and no more water-chamber containing the air-chamber is required to be done on the piston in order from a similar chamber with which the pumpto raise enough water from the well to lill the ing-cylinders communicate and the stored barrel. If more than this be done, as when 35 energy which has been conserved within the an excess of power is applied to the piston by air-chamber. The trap-valve closes during which it is moved faster than the water can the intermission between the successive imimmediately follow, the surplus eort manipulses, at which time the expanding air withfests itself in the form of stored energy comin the air-chamber is directed into the iiow municated to the water. It a means be af- 9o 4o of the moving column of liquid, which is forded for eXpending the stored energy,as in thereby accelerated in a direction toward the the common suction-pump, by increasing the discharge-pipe. T he trap-valve being closed, velocity of the water from the efuX-spout or the water that has passed the said valve beby causingasufcient dierence of pressure to ing in motion must continue to low toward raise the valve in the barrel, then more water 45 the discharge by virtue of the maintained will be brought into the barrel as a result of pressure due to the compressed air withinthe the accelerated motion of water exercised by air-chamber, and hence the pressure within this surplus power than is due to the volume the water-chamber cannot be lowered by the displaced by the piston. During the upwater following the piston in its descent. The stroke of the piston water is forced through roo 5o period of time that the trap-valve is closed is the part of the trap-valve c in the wall that y comparatively short. It occurs during the divides the chambers c4 and c5 from the latter to the former. The water is then moved at a speed due to the excessive energy applied to the piston. If now there should be arestriction, head, or other resistance in the discharge-pipe, the excess energy due to the accelerated speed of the water would become manifest in compressing air in the air-chamber A. At the time of the pause between the upstroke and downstroke of the piston the pressure due to the compressed arin the airchamber would be higher in the chamber c4 than in the chamber c5 and for the reason that the inertia of the water has caused a greater quantity of water to be projected into chamber c4 than that due to the displacement of the piston. If the trap-valve did not close at this critical period, the diierence in pressure between the two chambers would retard the fiow of water through the discharge by forcing some of the water from the chamber c4 back into the chamber c5 and follow the column of water down as it settles back upon the piston in the barrel B. The entire column of water above the piston has been moved by the excessive impulse, a part of which will settle back upon the piston at the end of the stroke. By trapping the water in chamber c and by applying the pressure of the airehamber directly in line with the moving vein the water will continue to tlow at aconstant velocity at the discharge and the operation will be highly efficient.

In my pump it is only necessary to overcome the inertia of the water at one time, and that is at the time when the water is drawn into the barrel of the pump. After it leaves the barrel of the pump it is started into motion, which continues until it is discharged from the upper terminal of the pump. By this means the momentum due to the motion of the fluid is utilized, and the compressed air due to the excessive energy in the stroke of the pump is also utilized for accelerating the liow of the fluid through the fluid Vein.

In the drawings which form part of this specification, Figure l is a central section in elevation. Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modiication. Fig. 3 is a transverse section through line 2 2 of Fig. l.

In all of the views the same reference-letters indicate similar parts.

A is an air-chamber.

B is a barrel or cylinder of the pump.

C is a water-chamber or casing.

D is a discharge-pipe.

E is an upper cylinder or barrel in line with the barrel B.

H is a handle by means of which a reciprocating motion is given to the pistons within the said cylinders. The handle is pivoted at a., which is a cap placed over the lend of the air-chamber A. The said air-chamber is open at its lower end a.

b is the ascension-tube, which connects the barrel B with the Water-chamber C.

b is a flaring flange or head carried by the tube b and internally screw-threaded for the attachment of barrel B thereto.

b4 is a cap closing the lower end of barrel B and provided with an aperture covered by an inwardly-opening foot-valve b5.

b is the pistonn'od, connected to the handle I-I at h by means of the link h2 and which reciprocates the pistons b2 and e in their respective cylinders. A partition c divides the water-chamber into two compartments. This partition is perforated, and over this perforation a trap-valve c is swung.

c2 is a depending flaring duct which is part of the chamber C, which terminates in an upwardly contracted and upwardly extended opening c3, into which the discharge-pipe D is secured.

c4 is a circular opening in the said chamber which is immediately above the flaring portion just described.

The air-chamber or pipe A passes through the circular opening c4 and enters the llared opening c2 just below the bottom of o4.

c5 is another compartment or portion of chamber C, into which the ascension-pipe I) and the barrel E are secured.

In the modification, Fig. 2, the barrel B is shown to extend up to and directly enter the chamber c, and a suction-pipe S is attached to the lower end of the said barrel. The water is lifted by suction through the pipe S.

In Fig. l the barrel is designed to be placed within the reservoir and to be connected to the water-chamber by the ascension-tube b.

The air-chamber A has a contracted end a in Fig. 2 to increase the velocity of the e'iux into the moving vein of fluid flowing through the pump.

The operation of the pump is as follows: When the piston b2 is depressed within the cylinder or barrel B, the foot-valve bis closed, and water contained within the barrel B below the piston will flow through the trapvalve b3 above the piston. When the piston is raised, the entrapped water will be lifted through the ascension-pipe b into the chamber c5, through the trap-valve c into chamber c4, from whence it will be discharged through the elilux-pipe D. Nowif the piston be suddenly lifted so it leaves the water that is in the barrel below the piston a partial vacuum is effected between the water and piston which will accelerate the water flowing through the valve b5. The momentum therefore will carry it through the trap-valve b3 above the piston to an extent greater than the displacement of said piston. When the pistons are suddenly depressed, the air contained within the barrel E between the piston or plunger e and the fluid below will be thereby compressed and will contribute to maintain a constant stream flowing through the vein of the pump.

The result of the operation just described forces water into the lower end of the airchamber A, which will rise to a point therein consistent with the inducing cause and the pressure of the air compressed in the upper TOO IIO

portion of said air-chamber by the rising water. Whenever the pressure within the chamber c and its connecting-channels falls below the pressure within the chamber c4 and its connecting-channels, the trap-valve c' will be closed, and the increased pressure will not cause the iuid in chamber c4 to be returned upon its path and retard the iiow of the incoming iiuid. The pressure within the airchamber A will force the fluid into the midst of the outgoing stream and accelerate its movement. The degree to which the accelerating eect may be adjusted to some eX- tent is determined by the size of the discharge-opening, (shown at a in Fig. 2.)

There are a number of modifications that could be made from that represented by the drawings without departing from the gist and spirit of my invention.

I may suggest that the pump can be made single acting instead of double acting, as shown, or that the cylinders B and E may be made of equal size or of different proportions.

Having described lny invention, what I claim as new and useful, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a pump a water-chamber divided into two compartments, a valve separating said compartments, a piston adapted to be reciprocated communicating with one of said compartments, a discharge-duct leading from the bottoni of the other compartment and curving upwardly, a discharge-pipe tted to the upper end of said duct, and an air-chamber associated with the last said compartment,

and provided with a discharge-outlet arranged within the discharge-duct of the compart ment.

2. In a pump, a water-chamber divided into two compartments, a trap-valve separating said compartments, ainal-discharge pipe, and an air-pressure chamber communicating with one compartment, a tapered, open-end,

flaring conduit between said compartment I and said discharge-pipe, an opening from said air-pressure chamber located in the center of the flaring, open end of said conduit, a cylf inder in the other compartment of said waterchamber, and a piston in said cylinder adapted to be reciprocated, substantially as set forth.

3. In a pump a water-chamber divided into two compartments, a trap-valveseparating said compartments, influx and efdux tubes connected with the respective compartments, an air-chamber in the latter compartment, and a contracted discharge-orifice in said airchamber arranged to discharge into the center of said efflux-tube, substantially as set forth. r

4. In a pump a water-chamber divided into two compartments, a trap-valve separating said compartments, an influx-tube, an effluxtube, an open iiared passage-way connecting the efflux-tube with said water-chamber, an air-chamber, and an orice in said chamber adapted to discharge into the open flared terminal of said passage-way, substantially a set forth.

Y 5. In a pump an influx-tube b, connected with a compartment c5, a compartment c4, a valve c separating said compartments, an airchamber A, an open liared passage-way c2, from said chamber to a discharge-pipe, said air-chamber adapted to discharge into the center of the open, dared end of said passageway, and a discharge-pipe D connected'with said passage-way, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I aix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM A. KERFOO'I.

In presence of- FORE BAiN, M. F. ALLEN. 

